differences between IRP and IFTA
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Feb 12, 2025
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IRP vs. IFTA: Understanding the Differences and Requirements

If you operate a commercial truck that crosses state lines, you may need both the International Registration Plan (IRP) and the International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA). These two permits help streamline tax collection and registration for trucking companies, but they serve different purposes.

What is IRP?

The International Registration Plan (IRP) is an agreement among all U.S. states and Canadian provinces that distributes vehicle registration fees based on the proportion of miles traveled in each jurisdiction. This helps ensure fair contributions to road maintenance while allowing truckers to operate across multiple states with a single registration.

  • IRP provides apportioned license plates, which allow interstate travel without needing separate registrations for each state.

  • Registration fees vary depending on the states and miles traveled.

  • If your truck has a gross vehicle weight (GVW) of over 26,000 lbs. or more than three axles, you are likely required to register under IRP.

What is IFTA?

The International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA) simplifies fuel tax reporting for motor carriers operating in multiple jurisdictions. Instead of filing fuel tax reports for each state separately, IFTA consolidates this process under a single base jurisdiction.

  • IFTA taxes are based on the amount of fuel used in each state, not where it was purchased.

  • Carriers must file quarterly tax reports to ensure accurate tax distribution.

  • Like IRP, IFTA applies to commercial vehicles over 26,000 lbs. GVW or those with three or more axles operating in more than one state.

IRP vs. IFTA: Key Differences

Feature IRP IFTA
Purpose Registration fee distribution Fuel tax distribution
Requirement Based on miles traveled in each jurisdiction Based on fuel used in each jurisdiction
Applies to Trucks operating in multiple states Trucks purchasing fuel in multiple states
Proof of Registration Apportioned plates and cab card IFTA license and decal stickers

Do You Need Both IRP and IFTA?

If your trucking company operates across state lines with vehicles exceeding 26,000 lbs. GVW or with three or more axles, you likely need to register for both IRP and IFTA.

However, if your truck operates only within one state, you may not need either. In such cases, you might only require commercial plates instead of apportioned plates.

Trip Permits: An Alternative to IRP

For truckers who do not frequently travel across state lines, trip permits provide a short-term solution instead of full IRP registration. A Florida Temporary Trip Permit is valid for 10 days and costs $30. These can be obtained online through the FLHSMV Commercial Vehicle Permit Portal or by contacting the Bureau of Commercial Vehicle and Driver Services at (850) 617-3711.

Hunter Permits: For Owner-Operators Between Leases

If you are an owner-operator between lease agreements and need to move an empty truck across state lines, you may need a Hunter Permit. This permit allows non-leased commercial vehicles to operate while searching for employment. Florida recognizes valid Hunter Permits from other jurisdictions.

Get Help With IRP and IFTA Registration

Navigating IRP and IFTA regulations can be challenging, but ensuring compliance is essential to avoid penalties and keep your trucking business running smoothly. If you need help registering your vehicle under IRP or IFTA, contact IRP Registration Services for expert assistance. They can verify your eligibility, guide you through the process, and help prevent costly mistakes.

By understanding and complying with IRP and IFTA requirements, truckers can operate legally and efficiently while minimizing tax burdens and administrative headaches.

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